I am pleased to announce that Mono C# compiler (gmcs) has now full C# 3.0 support. Most of the features has been available since Mono 1.2.6 release. However, with the upcoming Mono 2.0 release we will also support complex LINQ expressions and mainly expression trees which is fairly overlooked new feature with a lot of potential.

For anyone interested in compiling and running this LukeH’s slightly extreme LINQ example I have good news. It compiles on Mono and it runs as fast as on .NET.

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE

Architectural Styles and
the Design of Network-based Software Architectures

DISSERTATION

submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

in Information and Computer Science

by

Roy Thomas Fielding

2000

Dissertation Committee:
Professor Richard N. Taylor, Chair
Professor Mark S. Ackerman
Professor David S. Rosenblum

PDF Editions

1-column for viewing online

2-column for printing

Table of Contents

Dedication

Acknowledgments

Curriculum Vitae

Abstract of the Dissertation

Introduction

CHAPTER 1: Software Architecture

1.1 Run-time Abstraction

1.2 Elements

1.3 Configurations

1.4 Properties

1.5 Styles

1.6 Patterns and Pattern Languages

1.7 Views

1.8 Related Work

1.9 Summary

CHAPTER 2: Network-based Application Architectures

2.1 Scope

2.2 Evaluating the Design of Application Architectures

2.3 Architectural Properties of Key Interest

2.4 Summary

CHAPTER 3: Network-based Architectural Styles

3.1 Classification Methodology

3.2 Data-flow Styles

3.3 Replication Styles

3.4 Hierarchical Styles

3.5 Mobile Code Styles

3.6 Peer-to-Peer Styles

3.7 Limitations

3.8 Related Work

3.9 Summary

CHAPTER 4: Designing the Web Architecture: Problems and Insights

4.1 WWW Application Domain Requirements

4.2 Problem

4.3 Approach

4.4 Summary

CHAPTER 5: Representational State Transfer (REST)

5.1 Deriving REST

5.2 REST Architectural Elements

5.3 REST Architectural Views

5.4 Related Work

5.5 Summary

CHAPTER 6: Experience and Evaluation

6.1 Standardizing the Web

6.2 REST Applied to URI

6.3 REST Applied to HTTP

6.4 Technology Transfer

6.5 Architectural Lessons

6.6 Summary

Conclusions

References

List of Figures

Figure 5-1. Null Style

Figure 5-2. Client-Server

Figure 5-3. Client-Stateless-Server

Figure 5-4. Client-Cache-Stateless-Server

Figure 5-5. Early WWW Architecture Diagram

Figure 5-6. Uniform-Client-Cache-Stateless-Server

Figure 5-7. Uniform-Layered-Client-Cache-Stateless-Server

Figure 5-8. REST

Figure 5-9. REST Derivation by Style Constraints

Figure 5-10. Process View of a REST-based Architecture

List of Tables

Table 3-1. Evaluation of Data-flow Styles for Network-based Hypermedia

Table 3-2. Evaluation of Replication Styles for Network-based Hypermedia

Table 3-3. Evaluation of Hierarchical Styles for Network-based Hypermedia

Table 3-4. Evaluation of Mobile Code Styles for Network-based Hypermedia

Table 3-5. Evaluation of Peer-to-Peer Styles for Network-based Hypermedia

Table 3-6. Evaluation Summary

Table 5-1. REST Data Elements

Table 5-2. REST Connectors

Table 5-3. REST Components

Kepler is an open source platform that brings the power of Lua to web development. There are a number of great Web development platforms out there but none balances portability, size, power and extensibility quite like Kepler does:

• Being extremely portable and light means that it can be installed in very constrained devices as much as in providers that limit the amount of RAM and processing time for your scripts.
• If you ever heard of the customization features of games such as World of Warcraft, think about all that power applied to web scripting.
• Being extensible means both that we can extend the platform by adding new modules and that the users of the applications that you build can extend those applications using Lua.

Kepler was created by Fábrica Digital and PUC-Rio and is continuously being improved by a core team of commiters (see Dev Team) and lots of contributors (see Credits).

Kepler is free software and uses the MIT license model: it can be used for both academic and commercial purposes at absolutely no cost. See the Kepler License for more details.

Kepler is a platform that uses LuaRocks to offer Modules such as:

• Page based and MVC XHTML generation (WSAPI, CGILua and Orbit)
• SQL and XML processing (LuaSQL and LuaExpat)
• Hash (MD5) and a pair crypt/decrypt
• Zip files reading (LuaZip)

The Lua community is constantly contributing with more modules that can be used with the Kepler Architecture. Most of those modules are catalogued on LuaForge and new ones keep coming.

Unix installation

Please check UNIX Installation for a detailed view of how to install Kepler on Unix machines (including OSX).

Windows installation

Installing Kepler on Windows does not require any C compiler and should work on any Windows machine with internet access.

1. Download LuaRocks and install it using install /SCRIPTS c:\luarocks\0.5.2
2. Add the LuaRocks scripts dir to your system path (the same directory used in the /SCRIPTS parameter above)
3. Install Kepler and Xavante using luarocks install kepler-xavante
4. Configure everything using setup-kepler and following the instructions
5. Use xavante to run Xavante as a tray bar application, or use ‘xavante_start’ to run Xavante from the command prompt. Another option is to run Kepler using CGI

Once Kepler is running, you might want to look at those pages:

• Hello World will tell you how to write a simple application
• Using a Database will tell you how to use some of the popular databases with Kepler.
• Configuring Web Servers will tell you how to use Kepler with some specific web servers.

The Kepler 1.1 Unix installer can be downloaded from its downloads page. Check the Installation page for more details and for the Windows installation instructions (using LuaRocks).

If you need the binaries for specifics Modules you can also get them from LuaForge, on the module respective project page.